All TPB articles published open access under the Creative Commons CC-BY license (the current version is CC-BY, version 4.0). This means that the author(s) retains copyright, but the content is free to download, distribute, and adapt for commercial or non-commercial purposes, given appropriate attribution to the original article.

Authors must mention that the protocol for the research study has been authorized by a properly formed Ethics Committee of the institution where the work was done and that it complies with the rules of the Human Subjects Protection Act.  Declaration of Helsinki. All human subjects research must contain a statement stating that the subject granted informed permission. The privacy of patients should be protected. Photographs must be edited in such a way that human subjects are not identifiable (or an eye bar should be used). Any animal trials must be shown to be ethically appropriate and, when applicable, follow national criteria for animal use in research.

This journal is published with regard to the ethical rules mentioned in the journal under the supervision of the Committee of Publication Ethics (COPE) and all  N A. Foundation Press journals are published with free access under CC-BY permission (the current version is CC-BY, version 4.0). The readers, authors, reviewers, and editors of the journal should follow ethical politics. The ethical policy and strategy of the journal could determine the submitted articles to be reviewed, accepted, and published. All the submitted articles to the journal are monitored and examined using the reliable Plagiarism Checker Software (iThenticate,i.e.) to ensure the originality of the manuscript. Then, the article is precisely reviewed by the expert reviewers, and practical recommendations are proposed to promote the article.

NOTE: The Journal is not a Committee of Publication Ethics (COPE) member but follows COPE politics, Application to join will be submitted soon.

Responsibilities of Publisher

1. This journal is undertaken that decisions made for the submitted articles merely relied on expert and professional reviewers and are far from any biased and personal viewpoints.
2. It is committed to preserving the authors’ individual, academic, and research experiences.
3. The submitted articles are monitored and examined in terms of plagiarism in this publication.
4. In this journal, following the ethical principles is strictly monitored and reviewed by the editing manager as well as scientific editors, the editorial board, and the reviewers.
5. The necessary modifications, explanations, and withdrawals will be done in the journal if needed.
6. Any proven misconduct will be disposed of in the journal.
7. The publisher commits to publish and provide any necessary modifications, clarifications and reviews relevant to its publications if needed.

Ethical principles in editorial Management

1. The editorial manager of the journal should have perfect authority to accept/reject the received manuscript.
2. The editorial manager of the journal should maintain the confidentiality of the received manuscripts under review until their publication.
3. The editorial manager of the journal should make a decision about the received manuscript and, if necessary, consult with other editors and reviewers for their publications.
4. The editorial manager and editors of the journal should consider the reviewers’ confidentiality and are eager to free reviews based on the reviewers’ satisfaction.
5. The editorial manager and editors of the journal must avoid any conflict of interest.
6. The editorial manager and editors of the journal must preserve the scientific integrity and attempt to meet the readers and authors' requirements.
7. The editorial manager and editors of the journal must carry out a perfect review of plagiarism, scientific, and data falsification cases, as well as publish modifications, explanations, collection of content, articles withdrawal, and apologies if needed.
8. The editorial manager and editors of the journal must be restricted to the intellectual content.
9. The editorial manager of the journal must not disclose any data about the received manuscript to others except the corresponding author, reviewers, potential editors, editorial consultants, and the publisher.
10. Manuscripts and unpublished materials, without the evident written consent of the author, should not be utilized by the editorial manager or members of the editorial board for their own or others' research objectives.
11. The scientific editors of this journal will determine possible plagiarism, falsification, and fraud, and will make modifications, explanations, and withdrawals if needed.
12. In addition, to ensure the scientific quality of the submitted manuscripts achieved through different methods, especially peer review and getting advice from the editorial board, the editorial manager of the journal should be sufficiently confident in the observance of ethical standards in the published materials.
13. The editorial manager is obliged to perfect effort to ensure the ethical correctness of the published materials, including the authors’ adherence to the general and specific guidelines of the journal’s ethics.
14. Directly or based on the received reports, the editorial manager can check the possible occurrence of research discharges and fraud in the received manuscripts, and if there is a possibility of research discharges and fraud, the editorial manager is obliged to notify the responsible author(s) and all the manuscript authors to ask them to explain about the issue. In case of not receiving the explanations within a deadline of two months or if the explanations of the responsible author(s) are not convincing, with maximum confidentiality as the case may be, inform about the occurrence of a research discharge so that it can be ascertained or resolved by conducting research and investigation. The examination and review of the received report will rely on the regulations and instructions for handling research discharges.
15. The occurrence of a research discharge is recognized by the editorial manager independently or based on the viewpoints of the ethics committee in valid research, while examining other articles of the author(s) or possible responsible author(s) published in that journal or is under examination, according to the discharge severity, one or more of the measures include withdraw from publishing the manuscript if it is not published and is under examination, the editorial manager can withdraw the published article from the journal by proposing the reason for its withdraw in such a way that the history of article withdrawal is available to the public, the publication of a modification or withdraw in the next issue of the journal if the article has been published, and avoid the acceptance of future articles by the author(s) for a specified period.
16. The editorial manager is responsible for reviewing, selecting, and prioritizing manuscripts submitted for publication in a fair and impartial manner and merely with regard to the scientific and technical features, including the topic’s significance, innovation, transparency, credibility, and the degree of conformity of the articles with the journal’s objectives and prospects and unrelated factors should not have any impact on this issue.
17. The editorial manager must ask the corresponding author to mention the sort and range of participation and contribution of each author in the research implementation and the writing manuscript in a table that has been signed by all the authors.
18. The editorial manager or the editorial board must select the one or ones to review each manuscript that is as capable and expert as possible in the relevant scientific field. The selected reviewer(s) should have no known conflict of interest in the reviewed manuscript as much as possible.
19. The editorial manager is obliged to provide them with sufficient data about the journal’s working process and what is expected from the editorial board and reviewers, as well as to emphasize and remind them of the requirement for data confidentiality of the submitted manuscripts and make an arrangement so that their information is up to date about the journal’s policies.
20. The relationship of editorial managers with journal’s publishers, owners, and owners should be perfectly based on the principle of "editorial independence", in the sense that they are perfectly independent in deciding to accept or reject articles and not be impacted or pressured by journal’s publishers or owners, and freedom and have sufficient authority to make decisions and independently perform their duties.
21. The editorial manager is obliged to ensure data confidentiality related to the individuals and patients who participated in the research as well as whose data may be disclosed as a result of the manuscript publication. Therefore, if needed, the editorial manager can ask the authors to reveal their identity in the informed consent forms signed by the study subjects, which may be while printing the article.
22. The editorial manager must have specific policies to manage any conflict of interest related to themselves, employees, authors, reviewers, and the editorial board.

Review Process

1. The reviewers of this journal should cooperate with the scientific editors to make decisions regarding the publication of the submitted manuscripts.
2. This journal’s reviewers should preserve the data confidentiality.
3. The reviewers should submit the viewpoints to the scientific managers at a specific time to make a decision regarding the manuscript publication or non-publication.
4. The reviewers should keep the submitted articles confidential and not use their data for personal purposes.
5. The reviewers’ viewpoints regarding the submitted manuscripts should be scientific, technical, and professional.
6. Reviewers should not review manuscripts with conflicts of interest with one of the authors, companies, or institutions. The one who is offered a peer review of a manuscript can refrain from accepting that manuscript for review if there is any conflict of interest. Otherwise, the reviewer should clearly inform the journal’s editor about their conflict of interest.
7. Reviewers and author(s) of a manuscript must refrain from communicating with each other (regarding the review of that manuscript) during the review process. If the reviewer deems it necessary to consult with another person for review, and this consult involves disclosing the content of the manuscript, this can only be conducted with the permission of the journal’s editorial manager.
8. The reviewer who accepts a peer review of a manuscript reviewed by a journal should conduct own review impartially and merely based on the scientific and technical features of the manuscript and should not be impacted by own individual relationship with the author(s) of the manuscript or other irrelevant agents.
9. Reviewers should accept manuscripts for review in which they are professional. Otherwise, the reviewer must inform this issue to the editorial manager of the journal.
10. In peer review, the reviewer must consider the manuscript's strengths and weaknesses and, if possible, recommend some strategies to the author(s) to solve the issues. This should be conducted with respect to the author(s) intellectual independence.
11. In addition to the scientific and technical examinations in the review, the reviewer must inform the editorial manager of any non-compliance with the provisions of this guideline.

Conflict of Interest

Conflict of interest refers to any financial or non-financial interest that may impact the author(s) in presenting their trustworthy viewpoint. Although the conflict of interest is not an ethical issue for an article, its author(s) must clearly declare any conflict of interest hidden from the audience, except for the evident cases, in the text, or at the end of the manuscript. One of these cases is the obvious introduction of funding sources for research and writing manuscripts by the author(s).

1. The contract between the authors and the research sponsors should not include any condition preventing the declaration of a conflict of interest in the manuscript or an obligation to remove or not publish findings that are not desired from the research sponsor’s viewpoint. Authors must avoid accepting such conditions at the time of contract signature.
2. Authors have discretion and freedom of action in selecting scientific journals to publish their manuscripts and any individual’s obligations to publish articles in particular journals with the aim of enhancing the credibility of academic journals is prohibited.

Special Issue

Special issues are those in the journal dedicated to the publication of articles collected relevant to a particular topic or of a conference in a way that is related to the prominent subjects mentioned in the journal. The special issue is often sponsored by sources other than the journal publisher. The journal’s editorial manager is in charge of special issues’ contents as well as the regular issues of the journal.

1. The journal’s editor should retain the authority to submit any manuscript to independent reviewers for publication in the special issue, as well as the right not to accept them, just like the journal’s regular issues.
2. The sponsor of the special issue, if any, should be evidently determined.
3. In special issues, like the regular issues, other materials of this guide should be followed.